Growth factors and cytokines represent two classes of cell-signaling protein molecules that can confer positive and negative (inhibitory) effects on cell growth and proliferation. Distinct changes in growth factor and cytokine levels have been linked to various disease states and conditions, thus modern research has focused on understanding disease onset and progression by investigating these cell-signaling molecules on a cellular level.
With research in mind, Rockland provides an extensive panel of purified proteins and antibodies developed against these signaling molecules for use in the analyses by Western blot, ELISA, Immunohistochemistry, FLISA, and more. Our mission is to develop products that will provide consistent results. Additionally, our quality assurance process is thorough, ensuring that the data produced by our antibodies can withstand the test of time.
More About Our Cytokines and Growth Factors
Cytokines
Unique class of secreted signaling proteins produced by a variety of hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cell types. Extensively used in cellular communication regulating immune functions and embryogenesis. They can exert autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine effects and are secreted primarily from leukocytes. Cytokines stimulate the humoral and cellular immune responses, as well as the activation of phagocytic cells.
Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)
Displays a very high affinity for binding to its cellular surface epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Upregulation of gene expression levels including the EGF gene results in increased DNA synthesis followed by cell proliferation. EGF proliferates growth of mesodermal and ectodermal cells while inhibiting growth of certain carcinomas and decreasing gastric acid secretion.
Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF)
Represents one of the many secreted growth factors responsible for regulating growth and division. Consists of two distinct polypeptide chains – either homodimeric A/A or B/B chain arrangements or a heterodimeric combination of the two (AB). Binds to its specific cell surface receptor referred to as the PDGF receptor or PDGFR. Five different PDGF isoforms classified as ligands A (PDGFA), B (PDGFB), C (PDGFC), and D (PDGFD) and the AB heterodimer are capable of binding to two distinct hetero- or homo- dimeric receptor isoforms, PDGFR alpha, and PDGFR beta, with varying affinity.
Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGFs)
Heparin-binding proteins; their interaction with cell surface-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycans has proven essential for FGF-induced signal transduction. Essential in the proliferation and differentiation of a wide variety of cells types and tissues and are primarily associated with angiogenesis, wound healing, and embryonic development. FGFs play a dominant role in the development of the skeletal system and nervous system in mammals and are also neurotrophic for cells of both the peripheral and central nervous system.
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