Calnexin Antibody

Background

Calnexin, also referred to as IP90, p88 and p90, is an ~90 kDa integral membrane protein of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Many resident ER proteins act as molecular chaperones and participate in the proper folding of polypeptides and their assembly into multisubunit proteins. Studies indicate that calnexin associates with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I heavy chains, partial complexes of the T cell receptor and B cell membrane immunoglobulin, but not with completed receptor complexes. It has been shown that calnexin is a chaperone that retains incompletely or improperly folded proteins in the ER. The sequence Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu (KDEL) or a closely related sequence, is present at the carboxy-terminus of soluble ER resident proteins such as GRP 78 and GRP 94 and protein disulfide isomerase. Integral membrane ER resident proteins, like calnexin, often lack this KDEL sequence but contain positively charged cytosolic residues that ensure ER retention. Calnexin contains a large ER luminal domain (461 amino acids), a transmembrane segment (22 amino acids), and a cytoplasmic tail (89 amino acids). These features distinguish calnexin from soluble ER chaperones that cannot interact with the transmembrane and cytosolic domains of integral membrane proteins. The amino acid sequence of calnexin is highly conserved among species, and shares regions of high sequence homology with calreticulin. Anti-Calnexin antibody is ideal for researchers interested in ER Markers, Neuroscience, and Vision research.